| Sažetak | Tema ovoga rada je uzorkovanje tla za potrebe geotehničkog istraživanja. Baza rada je uzorkovanje koje je samo po sebi veoma opsežna i kompleksa cjelina geotehničke struke te su tako kroz rad opisani kako samo uzorkovanje tako i određeni aspekti dolaženja do uzorkovanja pa i oni dijelovi postupka nakon samog uzorkovanja. U uvodnom dijelu rada opisan je značaj istražnih radova za projektiranje konstrukcija, njihova podjela po skupinama te koja se od skupina provodi u kojoj od faza projektiranja, kao i njihovi ciljevi. Pored značaja istražnih radova opisan je i značaj uzorkovanja, kao i sam značaj kvalitetnih uzoraka, na čijoj kvaliteti počiva i kvaliteta daljnjih rezultata istraživanja. Drugo poglavlje posvećeno je istražnim radovima, od kojih počinje samo uzorkovanje te koji su temelj svakom uzorkovanju. Opisana je potreba za istražnim radovima te su detaljnije opisani tipovi istražnih radova. Obrađen je dio o terenskim radovima, za istražno bušenje i in situ pokuse navedeni su određeni najvažniji tipovi te je svaki opisan. Kod istražnog bušenja, uz pojašnjenje o istražnom bušenju opisani su i bušenje ručnim priborom, udarno bušenje, bušenje ispiranjem, svrdlanje te bušenje jezgrovanjem. Predstavljene su sondažne jame koje su podijeljenje na bunare i galerije te su opisani neki od najvažnijih in situ pokusa kao što su SPT, CPT, FVT, MPMT te FDMT. Treće poglavlje rada, te ujedno i glavno poglavlje, posvećeno je uzorkovanju. Opisane su skupine metoda uzorkovanja kao i skupine kvalitete uzoraka. Obrađen je postupak uzorkovanja od same pripreme, preko uzimanja uzoraka do problema i poteškoća koje se mogu javiti pri uzorkovanju. Dana je osnovna podjela uzoraka, na poremećene, one čija je struktura tla poremećena te prema kojima se ne mogu dobiti kvalitetni rezultati svojstava tla, te na neporemećene koji daju kvalitetne rezultate. U ovom poglavlju isto su tako navedene metode, tipovi i načini neporemećenih i poremećenih uzoraka. Četvrto poglavlje se bavi zaštitom, transportom i čuvanjem uzoraka te mjerama i pravilima po kojima je uzorak potrebno tretirati nakon samoga uzorkovanja pa sve do
laboratorija. Provjera kvalitete neporemećenosti uzoraka dana je u petom poglavlju ovoga rada, a šesto poglavlje posvećeno je pripremi uzoraka za ispitivanje. |
| Sažetak (engleski) | The theme of this work is the soil sampling for the needs of the geotechnical research. A Basis of the work is the soil sampling, which is very extensive and complex unity of the geotechnical profession, so this work is providing information not only on the sampling but also on the certain aspects which led to the sampling and some parts of the procedure which comes after the sampling. Significance of the research work for construction design is described in the introductory part of this work , as well as its division by groups, also which group is conducted in which phase of the construction, and their purpose. Besides the importance of research work, importance of the sampling is also being described, as well as the significance of the quality of the sample itself, on which the results of the further research depends. The second chapter is dedicated to the research work, from which the sampling starts, and which is the foundation of every sampling. The
need for the research work is described, as well as the details of every type of the research work. The part about field work is also processed, the most important types of the research drilling and in situ experiments are listed and each is described individually. Apart from the research drillig description, manual drilling, impact drilling, flush drilling, bit drilling and coring drilling are also described. The drilling pits are also introduced, which are divided into wells and galleries, and some of the most important in situ experiments such as SPT, CPT, FVT, MPMT and FDMT are described as well. The third chapter, also the main chapter, is dedicated to the soil sampling. The group of sampling methods, as well as the group of samples quality are described. The procedure of sampling, from preparation,through the sample collecting all the way to facing problems
and difficulties which can occur during the sampling are also processed. The basic division of the samples is explained, they are divided onto disturbed samples, whose structure of the soil is disturbed and can not provide us with the quality results of the soil properties, and undisturbed samples which can provide us with the quality results. The fourth chapter describes protection, transport and storage of the samples, as well as the measures and regulations by which the samples are treated from collecting a sample to delivering it to the laboratory. Examination of the samples undisturbance quality is described in the fifth chapter, and the sixth chapter is dedicated to the preparation of the samples for an examination. |
