The causes of cracks in concrete are different, but regardless of their origin, they always have a detrimental effect on the durability of concrete structures and significantly increase their maintenance costs. This paper considers freezing and thawing cycles as one of the causes of cracks in concrete and finds new ways to improve concrete's resistance to freezing and thawing. The paper consists of eight chapters; six chapters showing an overview of the state of the area, one experimental chapter at the level of materials, one experimental chapter at the level of structures and a conclusion. In the experimental section, eight concrete mixtures were prepared at the material level, six of which were mixtures with v/c = 0.35; a reference mixture, a mixture with aerant, two mixtures with a crystalline hydrophilic additive (1 % and 3 % by mass of cement) and two mixtures with self-prepared microcapsules (core of toluene 2,4-diisocyanate and a shell of paraffin) and two mixtures with a crystalline hydrophilic additive (1 % and 3 % by mass of cement) with v/c = 0.45. Testing of concrete's resistance to freezing and thawing cycles was carried out by direct (scaling and internal damage with and without salt, pore spacing factor) and indirect procedures (change in dynamic modulus of elasticity, compressive and tensile strength ratios, and depth of water penetration after and before freezing and thawing cycles), and for the purposes of interpreting the results, the proportion of pores of a particular size was determined by mercury porosimetry, the distribution of pores and their connection by microtomography, and SEM/EDS analysis on samples treated and untreated by freezing and thawing cycles, as well as monitoring the width of cracks during the self-healing process on samples treated and untreated with freezing and thawing cycles. Crystalline hydrophilic admixtures have shown potential in improving concrete resistance to freeze-thaw cycles. Microcapsules have also been shown to be useful, but less effective than crystalline hydrophilic admixtures. At the level of structural elements, two reinforced concrete beams were made from each of the three concrete mixes; reference mixture, mixture with 1 % crystalline hydrophilic additive and mixture with 1 % microcapsules. Two of the beams are exposed to freezing and thawing cycles, and two of them are not. The changes in the dynamic modulus of elasticity and water absorption were monitored on the beams during exposure to freezing and thawing cycles, and after that, the beams treated and untreated by freezing and thawing cycles, were loaded until failure, while their deflection, secant stiffness, ductility and ultimate force were monitored and are shown in ratio. Based on the results, it was concluded at the level of structural elements that the application of crystalline hydrophilic additives and microcapsules has the potential to improve the resistance of reinforced concrete elements to freezing and thawing cycles.